We analysed COI and ITS sequences from a total of 69 European Pyrrhosoma nymphula (Sulzer, 1776) and three P. elisabethae Schmidt, 1948 to explore species boundaries and phylogeographic patterns in their Western Palearctic distributions.
The Levant is a hot spot of biodiversity, even for Odonata. Approximately 90 Odonata species were recorded for the Levant and 48 from Lebanon. Lebanon, as a central part of the Levant, was visited in 2022 and 2023 for searching dragonflies.